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KC3
Browser: Semantic Mash-up and Link-free Browsing
Michiaki
Iwazume
National Institute of Information and Communications Technology
3-5 Hikaridai, Seika-cho, Soraku-gun Kyoto 619-0289, Japan
iwazume@nict.go.jp
Takafumi
Nakanishi
National Institute of Information and Communications Technology
3-5 Hikaridai, Seika-cho, Soraku-gun
Kyoto 619-0289, Japan
takafumi@nict.go.jp
Ken Kaneiwa
National Institute of Information and Communications Technology
3-5 Hikaridai, Seika-cho,
Soraku-gun Kyoto 619-0289, Japan
Yutaka
Kidawara
National Institute of Information and Communications Technology
3-5 Hikaridai, Seika-cho,
Soraku-gun Kyoto, Japan
kidawara@nict.go.jp
Koji Zettsu
National Institute of
Information and
Communications Technology
3-5 Hikaridai, Seika-cho,
Soraku-gun Kyoto 619-0289, Japan
zettsu@nict.go.jp
Yasushi Kiyoki
Keio University
5322 Endo, Fujisawa-shi, Kanagawa 252-8520, Japan
kiyoki@sfc.keio.ac.jp
ABSTRACT
This paper
proposes a general framework of for a system with a semantic browsing and
visualization interface called Knowledge Communication, Collaboration and
Creation Browser (KC3 Browser)
integrates multimedia contests and web services on the grid networks, and makes
a semantic mash-up called knowledge workspace (k-workspace) with various visual gadgets according to user’s
contexts (e.g. their interests, purpose and computational environments). KC3 Browser also achieves a link-free browsing for seamless
knowledge access by generating semantic links based on an arbitrary knowledge
models such as ontology and vector space models. It assists users to look down and to figure
out various social and natural events from the web contents. We have
implemented a prototype of KC3 Browser and tested it to an international
project on risk intelligence against natural disaster.
Categories and Subject Descriptors
H.4.3 [Communications Applications]: Information
Browser
General
Terms: Design, Human Factors,
Keywords: Semantic Web, Semantic Browsing, Semantic
Mash-up
As the number and diversity of
information sources on the Web has rapidly been increasing, there has been
increasing interest in semantic browsing and mashup tools [1-5].
Even
though these tools are sometimes efficient and convenient for knowledge
accessing, discovering and understanding from the Web, it is difficult for
novice end-users to master them according to their individual purposes, task,
and interests. We need a smart infrastructure for semantic browsing on the Web
which facilitates personal and community activities.
We
propose a new framework for semantic mashup and browsing called KC3 browser which integrates
conventional techniques: information visualization, data mining and the
Semantic Web and to provide user friendly interfaces, semantic components and APIs as web
services on the global grid networks. Our research has five main advantages:
Link free browsing: KC3 browser dynamically generates semantic links and
views for semantic browsing on the web.
A flexible architecture: KC3 browser is independent of specific
data-collection and mining modules as well as visualization and knowledge
models.
Lateral knowledge discovery: KC3 browser provides mechanisms and components
to directly manipulate and coordinate on the multi aspect views (times, places,
persons, organizations, and events) for cross-domain and cross-media Figure 1: Overview of KC3 Browser.
KC3 Browser
consists of three main layers: (a) web service layer, (b) mashup layer and (c)
presentation layer (Figure 2).
Web service layer provides various
information resources such as information extraction, data mining, knowledge
model and legacy databases as web services on the grid network called global knowledge grid [6].
Mashup layer integrates the
above contents and services as a chunk of knowledge called k-workspace which
consists of four aspects: (i) semantic resources, i.e., vector space model,
(ii) visualization resources, i.e. graphic components (iii) personal and social
resources, i.e., user profiles and social factors, and (iv) content resources,
i.e., Web contents (Figure 2).
Publish layer provides the functions
to show, publish, share and reuse k-workspaces as semantic mashups among
open-ended communities on the Web. K-workspaces have one or more k-gadgets
which provide simple functional units for presenting visualized contents (data,
information and knowledge) to users. Outstanding feature of k-gadgets
is that they work cooperatively and make semantic mashups according to user
contexts.
All
contents and graphic objects in k-workspaces are annotated with metadata base
on knowledge models, and cross-referenced with internal or external semantic
links called k-links generated by
link generators.
We have implemented a prototype of
KC3W BROWSER and applied it to a project on risk intelligence against natural
disasters confronting East Asia and the European Union (Figure 1). GUIs
components in prototype has implemented in Ajax. The prototype system has used the vector space models [7]
on volcanic disasters, environments, healthcares and international economics. The
current system provides simple 8 types of K-gadgets: alert, timeline, map,
document, user profile, expert information, 3D global map, 3D semantic space
and risk analysis chart. We have
generates about 100 k-workspaces from the disaster portal sites such as Global
Volcanism Program [8], Wikipedia [9], and the other RSS-based News Sites on the
Web.
In the result of the experiments, it is found
that the 2000 Miyakajima eruption in Japan is similar
to the 2006 mudflow disaster in Indonesia in that the effect volcanic gas on
human health is prominently serious in the both disasters
despite the fact that
the disaster types of the two are different (Figure 3). It indicated that our
semantic mashup and link-free browsing approach allows us to enhance knowledge
analyzing, sharing and reusing beyond the time, place and fields on the web.
Figure 2: Architecture of KC3 Browser.
This paper presented a framework of the next
generation semantic browsing framework called KC3 browser which integrates the
existing services and technologies; information visualization, visual data
mining, web browsing, and knowledge models, and present well structured and
visualized knowledge called the k-workspaces with various smart k-Gadgets
according users interests, task, specialty, and computational environments.
Figure
3: Discovery of
common feature between different events
[1]
Piggy bank. http://simile.mit.edu/wiki/Piggy_Bank
[2]
Tabulator.
http://www.w3.org/2005/ajar/tab
[3]
Yahoo Pipes:
http://pipes.yahoo.com
[4]
Microsoft Popfly:
http://www.popfly.com/
[5]
QEDWiki: http://www.alphaworks.ibm.com/tech/qedwiki
[6]
K. Zettsu, T. Nakanishi, M. Iwazume, Y. Kidawara,
and Y. Kiyoki. Knowledge Cluster Systems for Knowledge Sharing, Analysis and
Delivery among Remote Sites. In Proc. of
the 17th European-Japanese Conference on Information Modeling and Knowledge
Bases (EJC2007), pp.286-293, 2007.
[7]
Y. Kiyoki, T. Kitagawa, and T. Hayama. A
metadatabase system for semantic image search by a mathematical model of
meaning, ACM SIGMOD Record, Vol.23 No.4 pp.34-41, 1999.
[8]
Global Volcanism Program.
Smithsonian Institution. http://www.volcano.si.edu
[9]
Wikipedia. http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Wikipedia